A simple audio amplifier based on the LM386 integrated circuit effectively amplifies low-level audio signals to a level suitable for driving a small 1W speaker.
Components List
he following components are required to make this project.
| Designation | Parts | Quantity |
|---|---|---|
| U1 | IC LM386 | X1 |
| R1 | 10kΩ Potentiometer | X1 |
| R2 | 1.2kΩ 1/4W Resistor | X1 |
| R3 | 10Ω 1/4W Resistor | X1 |
| C1,C6 | 220uF 16V Electrolytic Capacitor | X2 |
| C2,C3,C4 | 10uF 50V Electrolytic Capacitor | X3 |
| C5 | 100nF Ceramic Capacitor | X1 |
| LS1 | 8Ω 1-Watt Speaker | X1 |
Circuit Diagram
The schematic of a 1-watt audio amplifier circuit using lm386 is shown below.
Circuit Explanation
The circuit is powered by a +12V supply, which is connected to the IC LM386 (U1). The capacitors (C1, C2) help stabilize the power supply and filter out noise.
The audio signal is fed into the circuit at the "SIGNAL INPUT" terminal, which can come from a microphone or audio player or desktop PC. The capacitor (C3) allows the AC audio signal to pass while blocking any DC offset. The signal then goes through the potentiometer (R1), which helps set the gain of the amplifier, and the IC amplifies the input signal. The resistor (R2) and capacitor (C4) are part of the feedback loop, helping to stabilize the gain of the amplifier. A capacitor (C5), along with a series current limiting resistor (R3), is used for additional filtering, ensuring that high-frequency noise does not reach the speaker.
The output from the IC (pin 5) is coupled to the speaker by capacitor (C6), which blocks the DC signal and allows the AC signal to pass. The 8-ohm speaker (LS1) converts the amplified audio signal into sound waves, allowing you to hear the audio.
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